Media Publikasi

Background: Breast-related new skin cancer cases have increased annually over the past decade. Current data on new skin cancer cases is essential as a preliminary step in preventing and reducing the incidence of new cases. This study aims to determine the incidence and characteristics of skin cancer patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, from 2019 to 2021. Methods: This observational descriptive study employed a cross-sectional design using total sampling. Data were obtained from the medical records of skin cancer patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. The variables analyzed included demographic characteristics (age, gender, occupation, education, marital status, and residence), cancer type, cancer stage, and tumor location. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the frequency and distribution of each variable. Results: The incidence and characteristics of skin cancer at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital were recorded in 38 patients. Basal cell carcinoma was the most common type, accounting for 44.74% of cases. Most patients were aged 45-64 years (52.6%), unemployed or housewives (65.8%), female (65.8%), had completed high school (44.7%), were married (89.5%), and resided outside Palembang (55.3%). Most cases were diagnosed at stage I (44.7%) and were primarily located in the head and neck region (76.3%). Early-stage diagnosis is associated with better survival rates, while advanced-stage cancers, are more aggressive and require prompt treatment for improved survival outcomes. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing patient management and resource allocation. Conclusions: The study shows basal cell carcinoma as the most common skin cancer at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, with a higher incidence in females, especially those aged 45–64, unemployed or housewives, married, and living outside Palembang. Most cases were diagnosed early and located in the head and neck

Background: Declining muscle mass is not always accompanied by declining muscle strength in older adults, challenging the notion that low muscle mass is the sole criterion for diagnosing sarcopenia. This review aims to find out the relationships between muscle mass and muscle strength with physical performance in older adults. Design: This article was a systematic review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Data Sources and Methods: We do a systematic search of observational studies that are published between 2013 and August 2023 in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sage journal, Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL. Two reviewers selected and extracted data independently and an association measure was recorded from included studies. Results: The review analyzed 17 observational studies conducted between 2013 and September 2023. The findings suggest that while declining muscle mass is often associated with sarcopenia, it may not always correspond to declining muscle strength in older individuals. The most common method used to measure muscle mass was bioelectrical impedance analysis, while handgrip strength was the predominant measure of muscle strength. Tests such as timed up and go and gait speed were used to assess physical performance. Conclusions: Physical performance in older adults is significantly related to muscle strength, whereas the relationship between muscle mass and physical performance is either weak or negligible. Therefore, when evaluating physical performance in older individuals, focusing on muscle strength is more important than muscle mass alone.

Background: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy with a rising prevalence. Understanding patients’ sociodemographic characteristics is crucial for improving diagnosis and management. This study aims to provide information about the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma patients. Method: This cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma in the Inpatient Department of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, from January 2020 to December 2022. Data collected included age, gender, residence location, main complaints, histopathological variant, disease stage at diagnosis, past medical history, family history, radiation exposure, and type of surgical intervention. Results: Most patients were aged 50-59 years (26.1%) and female (78.3%). The majority came from lowland (90.6%) and rural areas (64.5%). The most common main complaint was a neck lump (63.0%). Papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most frequent variant (87.7%). Most patients were diagnosed at stage I (37.7%), and most patients underwent total thyroidectomy (84.1%). The most common past medical condition was goiter (76.8%). Additionally, 93.5% of patients had no family history of malignancy, and none had radiation exposure. Conclusion: Thyroid carcinoma patients at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital are predominantly females aged 50-59 from lowland and rural areas. Most were diagnosed with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma at the early stages and underwent total thyroidectomy.

Background: Understanding the relationship between muscle mass, muscle strength, and bone density in older adults is crucial for addressing age-related conditions like osteoporosis and sarcopenia. This review aims to evaluate the relationship between muscle mass and muscle strength with bone density in older adults. Methods: This systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, involved a comprehensive search across seven databases from 2014 to April 2024. Included were observational studies in English and Indonesian on adults aged 60 and older. The Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool assessed the risk of bias, and the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework evaluated the evidence quality. Study selection was independently reviewed, and consensus was reached through discussion. Results: Ten studies were included. For muscle mass and bone density, five studies showed a significant association, while four did not. For muscle strength and bone density, four of seven studies reported a significant association. However, the evidence quality was low due to inconsistency. Conclusion: The relationship between muscle mass, muscle strength, and bone density in older adults shows variability and inconsistent evidence.

Occupational stress is the response people may have when presented with work demands and pressures that are not matched to their knowledge and abilities, challenging their ability to cope. It is a pervasive concern in modern work environments, impacting workers’ well-being and organizational productivity. Current available methods to manage workers’ stress include providing psychologist consultations and using digital intervention. Digital interventions, including smartphone apps and website programs, have emerged as accessible tools for stress reduction. However, there is a need to assess their effectiveness systematically. A systematic review encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the inception to May 2024. A comprehensive search in four electronic databases identified 15 eligible RCTs. Of a total of 15 included studies, all studies demonstrated a significant reduction in occupational stress with the use of digital interventions. Interventions varied in duration, frequency, and delivery platforms, with smartphone-based applications being predominant. Common intervention components included meditation, coping stress management, and nutritional and exercise content. Positive effects on worker mental health were observed to persist for up to 3–12 months post-intervention. The findings underscore the potential of digital interventions to promote employee well-being and contribute to healthier and more productive work environments. Digital interventions offer promising avenues for addressing occupational stress and promoting worker well-being.

Serum albumin, known for its multifaceted role in health, is hypothesized to serve as a prognostic marker for older adults, both in hospital and community settings. Nine studies were included in the review, revealing consistent associations between low serum albumin levels and increased mortality risk in hospitalized older individuals. In community settings, low serum albumin levels were linked to higher mortality rates compared to those with normal levels. The synthesis of evidence underscores the potential of serum albumin as a prognostic marker for older adults, offering valuable insights for risk stratification and targeted interventions. While robust evidence supports its utility in hospital settings, further research is warranted in community settings to address current limitations and enhance the applicability of serum albumin as a prognostic tool. This review merges existing knowledge of the prognostic significance of serum albumin in older adults across hospital and community settings. The findings emphasize the importance of serum albumin as a potential prognostic marker, urging continued research efforts to refine its application in diverse healthcare contexts and improve outcomes for the aging population.

Introduction. The BRAF V600E mutation is implicated in the tumorigenesis of differentiated thyroid cancer, and its role in cancer recurrence remains debated. This systematic review aims to assess the relationship between BRAF mutations and the recurrence of DTC and its impact on lymph node metastasis and mortality. Methods. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive search was performed across PubMed and ScienceDirect databases covering studies published up to September 2024. Eligible studies reported on the association between BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence in DTC. Data on patient characteristics, recurrence rates, metastasis, and mortality were extracted for synthesis. Results. A total of seven studies with 4660 patients were included. Most of the patients had papillary thyroid carcinoma, and the mean age ranged from 40 to 54 years. Three studies found no significant association between BRAF V600E mutation and DTC recurrence, while two studies reported a significant association. Lymph node metastasis was associated with BRAF mutation in three studies, without contradictory findings. Regarding mortality, two studies found no significant association, whereas one study reported an increased mortality risk with BRAF mutation. Conclusions. The relationship between BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence in DTC is inconclusive, with mixed findings across the studies. BRAF V600E mutation is more consistently linked to lymph node metastasis, though its role in predicting recurrence and mortality remains uncertain. Further research with standardized methodologies is required to better understand the clinical implications of BRAF V600E mutations in DTC.

Background: As the global population ages, understanding factors that contribute to better cognitive function in older adults becomes crucial. This systematic review delves into the potential relationship between reading the Holy Quran and cognitive function in older adults. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across five electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Tripdatabase, Cochrane) to identify relevant studies that were published between 2004 to December 2023. Inclusion criteria were centered on studies exploring the correlation between reading the Quran and cognitive function in older adults. Results: Five studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. Notably, four of these studies reported a significant correlation between the intensity or duration of Quranic reading and improved cognitive function in older adults. Discussion: The findings imply a potential positive association between engaging with the Holy Quran and cognitive function among the elderly. This relationship holds promise for potential applications in cognitive health interventions for older adults especially for Muslim patients. Conclusion: This review provides evidence supporting the relationship between reading the Holy Quran and normal cognitive function in older adults. The consistent findings underscore the importance of further research to elucidate underlying mechanisms and consider potential implications for cognitive health interventions.

Background The effectiveness of radioiodine therapy (RAI) in reducing recurrence and improving overall survival in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) remains debated. This systematic review evaluates the impact of RAI on DTC recurrence and survival. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Tripdatabase, including studies from inception to August 2024. Only studies published in English with full-text availability were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (RoBANS 2). Results Nine studies were included, involving 161,703 participants (36,658 men and 125,045 women). The studies were geographically diverse, with four from the American continent, three from Asia, and two from Europe. RAI doses ranged from 30 to 300 mCi, with 30 mCi and 100 mCi being the most common. Five studies found that RAI reduced recurrence, while two found no significant effect. The median time to recurrence ranged from 10 months to 15 years, with most studies indicating a 1–2-year median. Regarding overall survival, two studies reported improvement with successful RAI therapy, while two found no significant impact. Conclusion RAI therapy shows potential in reducing recurrence in DTC, particularly within the first 2-year post-treatment, but its effect on overall survival remains unclear. Further high-quality research is necessary to confirm these findings and guide clinical practice.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pro-inflam-matory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers, including breast cancer. Elevated TNF-α levels have been associated with cancer progression, metastasis, and treatment outcomes. This systematic review aimed to synthesize existing evi-dence on the relationship between TNF-α levels and breast cancer.Methods: A systematic search of observational studies published from inception to June 2024 was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sage Journals, and Google Scholar to identify studies examining TNF-α lev-els in breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls, as well as its association with metastasis, response to chemotherapy, and survival outcomes. Inclusion criteria were applied to select eligible studies, re-sulting in nine studies that met the criteria for this review.Results: Eight eligible studies reported that breast cancer patients exhibited higher TNF-α levels than healthy controls. Two studies in-dicated that TNF-α levels were elevated in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Additionally, two studies found that patients with high-er TNF-α levels tended to have a poorer response to chemotherapy. One study revealed that patients with elevated TNF-α levels had a lower mean survival time.Conclusions: Elevated TNF-α levels are significantly associated with breast cancer progression, metastasis, and poorer treatment outcomes. These findings underscore the potential of TNF-α as a biomarker for breast cancer prognosis and therapeutic response. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and validate TNF-α as a target for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer management.

Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle loss and decreased function in older adults, is a growing public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ophiocephalus striatus extract on insulin-like growth factor-1 serum, interleukin-6 serum levels, and sarcopenia-related parameters in older adults with sarcopenia. This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 80 older adults with sarcopenia. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Ophiocephalus striatus extract or a placebo for two weeks. The IGF-1 serum and IL-6 serum levels were assessed as primary outcomes. The Ophiocephalus striatus extract intervention resulted in a significant reduction in serum IL-6 levels. Although the IGF-1 levels did not show significant changes, there was an increase for the intervention group. This study demonstrated that a 2-week intervention with Ophiocephalus striatus extract positively impacted the serum IL-6 levels in older adults with sarcopenia. While the IGF-1 levels did not change significantly in this short intervention period, the observed improvements in IGF-1, calf circumference, muscle mass, and muscle strength are promising. The findings suggest that Ophiocephalus striatus extract may offer a valuable intervention for managing sarcopenia, particularly in regions with abundant Ophiocephalus striatus production, such as South Sumatera. This study was registered with trial number NCT05869383.